PSN-L Email List Message
Subject: Re: Shunt damping
From: "Geoffrey" gmvoeth@...........
Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2006 07:36:59 -0700
What is the possibility of using one turn of
a heavy guage wire as a single loop
and sharpening the ends to a point
then sensing the voltages at the points
I would think that changing the cross sectional area
would increase the voltages by concentrating
electrons or if you are faster in your thought
holes sort of like having a resistor in the middle
but no power loss.
This is the way you change impedances in antennas
or so i understand and what is a velocity sensor
but an odd kind of antenna.
----- Original Message -----
From:
To:
Sent: Sunday, October 08, 2006 5:13 PM
Subject: Re: Shunt damping
> In a message dated 2006/10/08, Bobhelenmcclure writes:
>
>> > A wire size of #38 or less will allow this number of turns to fit
>> > comfortably within the gap field cross-section. The coil will have a
>> resistance low
>> > enough to permit resistive shunt damping of a pendulum weighing up to a
>> > kilogram, in my opinion. My sensors have a pendulum mass of about 0.1Kg,
>> and
>> > critical damping is achieved at about 30 kOhms. Since the coil resistance
>> is only
>> > 340 Ohms, the shunt damping imposes negligible loss on output sensitivity.
>>
>> > Even a kilogram mass would require only about 10% loss of output using
>> shunt
>> > damping.
>>
>> The damping force required also depends on the set period. What
>> period are you using?
>> What effect does this damping current have on the input noise in
>> practice? Can it be significant?
>>
>> Hi Chris,
>> I bought cheap low temperature enameled magnet wire from Alltronics. I
>> have both #38 (3.97 thou OD) and #40 gauge (3.14 thou OD). I never tried to
>> use the #40 wire, as it is difficult for me to see, let alone handle. I strip
>> by burning off the enamel. My friend Victor frowns on that, and recommends
>> fine emery paper.
>
> Hi Bob,
>
> Magnet wire is available from Alltronics in 1/4 lb reels, but it is Kynar
> insulated
> http://www.alltronics.com/cgi-bin/category.cgi?&category=MW&start=0
>
> If you buy the polyurethane insulated wire like Beldsol, you don't
> have to strip it. If you put a hot iron and solder on it, the insulation just
> melts - no problems - but I have only found this wire down to 36 AWG - 5 thou OD.
>
> With the Kynar insulated wire, you have to strip it first before you
> can solder it. I usually use the edge of a wax candle flame (or a match) to
> first burn off this insulation. (You have to be very careful with a butane
> lighter not to melt the wire) Then I pull it fairly gently several times through two
> small pads of the very fine wire wool. This both cleans it effectively and
> hardens it a bit.
>
> I once only wound two coils with 40,000 turns of 44 AWG copper wire
> with 1 thou paper interleaving to measure paramagnetic susceptability - it took
> me two whole days....
>
>> My horizontal sensors are easily shunt damped. On one of them set to 12
>> second period, I measured a Q of 1.1 with a shunt resistance (including the
>> amplifier) of 66 kOhms. My formula for Q is Q = K * R / P. The value for K is
>> therefore 0.2. The mass of the coil and solder weight is about 100 grams. The
>> coil resistance is 340 Ohms, the number of turns is 1100, the field strength
>> is ~0.8T, the field length per turn is 0.1m, and the sensor output is 85
>> v-s/m. If you know your own sensor's output, pendulum mass, and period, you can
>> work out your own value for K from the above information, and determine what
>> shunt damping resistance you would need. However, remember that the coil
>> resistance, in series with the shunt resistance (in parallel with the amplifier
>> input resistance) is the damping resistance.
>
> What is P please?
>
>> Volts= B*L*(dx/dt)
>> Force=B*L*I
>> I= Volts/R = B*L*(dx/dt)/R
>> Force= B*L*B*L*(dx/dt)/R
>> Force / (dx/dt)= (B*L)^2 / R
>>
>> I have not checked yet to see if the above equation is consistent with my
>> observed damping versus resistance.
>
> In the force equation, isn't the force proportional to the number of
> turns, whereas the inductance is proportional to the square of the number of turns
> and depends on the magnetic return path?
>
> How does the length of the pendulum, the set period and the mass
> factor into these equations, please?
>
>> Shunt damping makes it easy for me to check my sensors. I measure their
>> natural period by disconnecting the shunt, and discharging a small capacitor
>> across the sensor-amplifier terminals. The decay of oscillation amplitude
>> lets me make sure that the partially undamped oscillation has the expected Q
>> value, and the time between zero crossings gives me the natural period. I would
>> abandon the sport of seismometry if I could not control damping this way.
>
> I prefer to have my damping and sensors on separate fittings and their
> setup independant, but I can see the attraction of variable resistive damping
> if you choose very powerful sensor magnets and a low to moderate seismic
> mass.
>
> I tend to use rather smaller / thinner magnets for sensing and they do
> not have a serious diamagnetic repulsion problem, although I have observed
> this type of effect.
> I use wide Cu plate for the damping, so that the arm hits the side
> stops before the outer edge of the damping plate gets close to the outside edge
> of a magnet. I try to 'design out' problems when possible.
>
> If you are using feedback sensors with electronically extended
> periods, Cu plate damping is a lot quieter than velocity feedback from a
> differentiated position signal.
>
> Have you any comparisons of the input noise due to shunt damping vs
> plate damping - or the noise when undamped and when damped? Won't the induced
> current generate additional noise directly?
>
> Regards,
>
> Chris Chapman
>
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